Tafsir of Surah Al-Alaq According To Ibnu Katsir & Jalalain

Tafsir of Ibnu Katsir 

[1-5] Read¹ in the name of your Lord² Who created.³ Created man from a clot of congealed blood.⁴ Read, and your Lord is Most Generous. Who taught knowledge by the pen,⁵ taught man what he did not know.

1.                                                        اِقْرَأ بِا سْمِ رَبِّكَ الَّذيْ خَلَقَ

     As we have explained in the Introduction, when the Angel said to the Holy Prophet, "Read", the latter replied, "I cannot read!"" This indicates that the Angel had presented these words of the Revelation before him in the written form and had asked him to read them. For if the Angel had meant that he should repeat what he recited, he should not have replied, saying "I cannot read!" 

2.                                                                                                  خَلَقَ الأِ نْسَا نَ مِنْ عَلَقْ

        "Read in the name of your Lord": Bismillah and read. This shows that the Holy Prophet (upon whom be peace) even before the coming down of this Revelation regarded and acknowledged Allah alone as his Lord. That is why there was no need to ask who his Lord was, but it was said: "Read in the name of your Lord."

3.                                                                                                          إِقْرَأْ وَ رُبُّكَ الأَكْرَامُ       

     Only the word khalaqa (created) 'has been used absolutely, and the object of creation has not been mentioned, This automatically gives the meaning: "Read in the name of the Lord, Who is the Creator, Who created the whole universe and everything in it." 

4.                                                                                                                ا لّذْ ي عَلَّم بِا لْقَلَمْ

     After making mention generally of the creation of the universe, mention has been made of man in particular, saying how Allah made him a perfect man starting his creation from an insignificant and humble state. 'Alaq is plural of 'alaqah, which means congealed blood. This is the primary state of the embryo which appears a few days after conception. Then it assumes the form of a lump of flesh, then afterwards it gradually takes human shape. (For details, see AI-Hajj: 5 and the corresponding E.N.'s 5 to 7). 

5.                                                                                                  عَلَمَ الاِ نْسَا نَ مَا لَمْ يَعْلَمْ

      That is, "It is a great favor of Allah that starting man's creation from a most insignificant state He made him possessor of knowledge which is the noblest attribute of creation, and He made him not only possessor of knowledge but also taught him the art of writing by the use of pen, which became the means of propagation, progress, dissemination and preservation of knowledge on a large scale. Had He not given man the knowledge of the art of pen and writing (by inspiration) his intellectual faculty would have stagnated, and it would have had no opportunity to develop, expand and become a means of transmission of knowledge from one generation to the next and make future progress.  

Tafsir of Jalalain 

1.      ( Read ) means start reading and start it ( with the name of your God who created ) all beings .

2.      ( He has created man ) or the type of man ( from ' alaq ) pronunciation ' Alaq plural pronunciation alaqah , meaning a thick clot of blood .

3.       ( Read ) pronunciation pronunciation meaning of this verse confirms the same first ( and Rabbmulah The Most Gracious ) means no one can match his generosity . This verse pronunciation as حال from the ضمير contained in pronunciation Iqra ' .

4.      ( The teaching ) human writing ( with Pen ) the first writing by using the Pen or pen as is the Prophet Idris

5.      ( He teaches humans ) or human kind ( what is not known ) that before He taught her guidance , writing and creative as well as other things.